托福new tpo 5听力lecture5 Listen to a talk in a sociology class.原文解析+翻译音频

[00:00.00](N) Listen to a talk in a sociology class.
[00:01.00](W-Br) Social capital is the network of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society. These networks enable society to function effectively. Social capital includes things like trust, mutual understanding, and shared values, and also behaviors that bind people together and facilitate cooperation.
[00:02.00]Social capital can be divided into two main types: bonding social capital and bridging social capital. Bonding social capital refers to the tight bonds within a close-knit group, like family members or close friends. These strong ties are essential for providing support and assistance during times of need. Bridging social capital, on the other hand, involves connections that transcend different social groups, like relationships between acquaintances or colleagues from different backgrounds. These weaker ties are crucial for accessing new information and opportunities.
[00:03.00]The benefits of social capital are numerous. It can give people emotional support, increase their access to resources and information, and foster communal cooperation. And interestingly, people in communities with higher levels of social capital actually tend to have better health! Next, we will discuss how social capital can be measured and the challenges associated with its quantification.