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托福mock test 4阅读 The Impact of Glaciers 题目解析

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The Impact of Glaciers
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Glaciers are natural reservoirs of ice and snow that play important roles worldwide. They are powerful agents of erosion, capable of shifting landscapes by carving valleys, transporting sediment, and depositing glacial debris. Glaciers play an especially critical role in regulating Earth's climate. Found in polar regions and high mountains, glaciers store fresh water and release it slowly into rivers and oceans, providing a steady supply during warmer months. Glaciers reflect sunlight, cooling the planet by sending solar radiation back into space.

The impact of glaciers on Earth's climate has come into sharp focus in recent decades. As global temperatures rise, glaciers are melting rapidly, which is reducing their reflective capacity and contributing to a rise in sea levels. The melting of glaciers also affects local ecosystems. Fresh water released from glaciers feeds rivers, impacting fish habitats and agriculture. In regions where glaciers are the primary water source, their decline can lead to severe water shortages. 

Scientists are actively studying glaciers to predict future changes and develop strategies to mitigate the impact that melting glaciers could have on the environment.. Despite these efforts, the future of glaciers remains uncertain. Continuous research and international cooperation are essential to address the challenges posed by melting glaciers and ensure the stability of global water resources.

1.The word "mitigate" in the passage is closest in meaning to

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1. 题干:The word "mitigate" in the passage is closest in meaning to 文章中“mitigate”一词在意思上最接近 2. 分析:题目类型:词汇题。解题策略:根据“mitigate”在原文上下文中的含义,选择最接近的同义词 3. 定位信息理解:原文定位:第三段第一句:“Scientists are actively studying glaciers to predict future changes and develop strategies to mitigate the impact that melting glaciers could have on the environment.” 信息理解:该句说明科学家正在研究冰川,以预测未来变化并制定战略来“mitigate”冰川融化对环境可能产生的影响。在环保语境中,“mitigate”通常表示“减轻、缓解”负面影响。 4. 分析选项:(A) lessen (减少,减轻) - 分析:这与“mitigate”在句中表达的“减轻(影响)”的含义完全一致。此为正确答案。 (B) eliminate (消除) - 分析:词义过强。“减轻影响”不等于“完全消除影响”。 (C) understand (理解) - 分析:词义不符。研究本身是为了“理解”,但“mitigate”的目标是“采取行动减轻”。 (D) judge (判断) - 分析:词义无关。

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