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托福practice test 4阅读生物学 Sleep Patterns 题目解析

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Sleep Patterns

Sleep patterns vary considerably among different animal species. Some animals, like dolphins, have unique sleep methods. Dolphins practice unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, meaning one half of their brain sleeps while the other remains awake. This adaptation allows them to surface for air and stay alert for predators even while resting.

Birds also display interesting sleep behaviors. Many bird species can sleep while flying. During long migratory flights, some birds may engage in unihemispheric sleep, similar to dolphins, enabling them to navigate and avoid threats. Additionally, certain birds can sleep with both hemispheres of their brain but in short bursts, allowing them to maintain continuous flight for extended periods.

Sleep patterns have evolved based on environmental needs. For example grazing animals like cows and horses sleep minimally, often standing up, which helps them stay vigilant against predators. In contrast predators such as lions and tigers can afford longer, deeper sleep because they face fewer threats. Understanding these varied sleep patterns provides insight into how animals have adapted to their habitats and survival challenges. The balance between rest and vigilance is crucial for survival, revealing the intricate adaptations across the animal kingdom.

1.The word "considerably" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to

A. actively

B. significantly

C. predictably

D. consistently

你的答案：

正确答案：B

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题目解析：

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"1. 答案：B 2. 分析题目类型：词汇题题目中文解释：第一段中“considerably”一词的含义最接近哪个选项？解题策略：结合上下文语义（不同动物睡眠模式的差异程度），匹配“considerably”的近义词。 3. 定位信息理解原文定位: “Sleep patterns vary considerably among different animal species.” 信息理解: “considerably”修饰“vary”，表示不同动物睡眠模式的差异“显著、很大”。 4. 选项分析 - (A) actively（积极地）分析：与“差异程度”的语义无关，排除。 - (B) significantly（显著地）分析：与“considerably”（显著、很大程度地）的含义一致，此为正确答案。 - (C) predictably（可预测地）分析：与“差异程度”的语义无关，排除。 - (D) consistently（持续地）分析：与“差异程度”的语义无关，排除。"

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