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托福new tpo 8阅读 Microbial Fuel Cells 题目解析

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Microbial Fuel Cells
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Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are an innovative technology that uses bacteria to generate electricity. MFCs harness the natural abilities of microbes to break down waste materials and, in the process, release energy. The concept of using bacteria for power is not new, but recent advances have made MFCs more efficient and practical for broader applications.



Inside MFCs, microbes “eat” things like food waste, and during this digestion, they release tiny particles called electrons.  These electrons move through the system in a controlled way, creating an electric current.  How well the system works depends on the type of bacteria and how the device is set up.  Some types of bacteria are especially good at passing these electrons along, and scientists are always looking for better combinations. One particular type, called Geobacter sulfurreducens, has become famous for its remarkable ability to share energy with the system.

One of the most promising applications of MFCs is in wastewater treatment. Traditional methods of treating wastewater are energy-intensive, but MFCs can treat wastewater while simultaneously generating electricity. This dual function makes them an attractive option for sustainable waste management. MFCs also have potential applications in remote areas where access to conventional power sources is limited.

1.The word “harness” in the passage is closest in meaning to

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该题为词汇题,题目:文章“harness”一词与什么含义最接近? 解析思路:定位原中文“harness”出现的句子,结合语境理解。 首先定位原文第一段第二句:“MFCs harness the natural abilities of microbes to break down waste materials and, in the process, release energy.”意思是“MFC利用(借助)微生物分解废物并释放能量的天然能力。” 如果不认识单词,可以结合前一句话:“Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are an innovative technology that uses bacteria to generate electricity.”意思是:微生物燃料电池(MFCs)是一种创新技术,它利用细菌来产生电能。 前一句引入主题“MFCs技术”,后面则在具体解释这些能力是什么。可以推测,“harness”与首句中的“use”表达的是相似含义。 观察选项: A.Control(控制)不准确。MFC并不是控制微生物能力,而是利用这种能力。排除。 B.Utilize(利用)符合原文想表达的含义,正确。 C.Monitor(监测)与原文原意无关,排除。 D.Limit(限制)与原文原意相反,排除。

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