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NEW TPO 4 The word "exaggerating" in the passage is closest in meaning to:

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Understanding Risk Perception

Risk perception is a fascinating aspect of human psychology, influencing decisions from daily activities to major life choices. Individuals often misjudge risks, either exaggerating or underestimating them. For instance, flying is statistically safer than driving, yet many are more apprehensive about flying. This disparity is largely due to what psychologists refer to as the availability heuristic, a type of mental shortcut wherein memorable events, such as incidents involving planes, dominate our thoughts.

Cultural factors also play a role in risk perception. Some societies embrace risk-taking by valuing adventure and innovation, while others prioritize safety and caution. These attitudes are shaped by historical experiences, economic stability, and societal norms. In countries with high economic inequality, people may take more risks because they have fewer resources, fewer opportunities, and feel they have little to lose. In contrast, affluent societies might avoid risks to maintain their status quo and protect assets.

Moreover, media coverage drastically alters perceived risks. Sensational stories about rare but catastrophic events create a distorted image of reality. Public campaigns and education counteract this by providing balanced information, helping individuals make informed decisions. Understanding the psychology behind risk perception allows policymakers to design better strategies for public safety and health.

2.The word "exaggerating" in the passage is closest in meaning to:

A. praising

B. ignoring

C. ridiculing

D. expanding

你的答案：

正确答案：D

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题干：在文章中，单词“夸大”和下面哪个词意思最为接近？选项：A. 赞扬 B. 忽略 C. 嘲笑 D. 扩大词汇题，exaggerating的意思是 “夸大；夸张”。在文中，individuals often misjudge risks, either exaggerating or underestimating them表示人们经常误判风险，要么夸大风险，要么低估风险。选项A赞扬，与 “夸大风险” 无关，选项A错误。选项B忽视，文中是误判（夸大或低估），不是忽视，选项B错误。选项C嘲笑，与 “夸大风险” 的语义不符，选项C错误。选项D扩大；放大。在 “夸大风险” 的语境中，“expanding” 与 “exaggerating” 语义最接近，选项D正确。

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